(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
More Americans Dying at Home than in Hospitals
For the first time since the early 1900s, more Americans are dying at home than in hospitals in the United States. A new report says this shows that more people are receiving the kind of end to their lives that most Americans say they want. The report notes that deaths in nursing homes also have decreased.
The findings were published earlier this month in The New England Journal of Medicine.
Haider Warraich is a doctor with the Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System. He was the lead writer of the report. Warraich said the fact that more Americans dying at home is "a good thing. Death has become overly medicalized over the last century" and this shows a turn away from that, he said.
Betsy McNair is a tour guide who now lives in Mexico. She told The Associated Press she is pleased with the ending she helped give her father, Robert McNair. He died at home in Belle Haven, Virginia in 2009, just six weeks after learning he had lung cancer. He was 83 years old.
Betsy McNair remembers, "I made him exactly what he wanted to eat, whenever he wanted it. He had a scotch every night, he had a very high quality of life. If he woke up at 2 o'clock in the morning and wanted to have coffee and pie, that's what we did."
Warraich and Duke University graduate student Sarah Cross used U.S. government health information on deaths from natural causes. They studied records for the period from 2003 through 2017. They found that deaths in hospitals fell from 40% to 30% over that period and in nursing homes from 24% to 21%.
Deaths in homes rose from 24% to 31%. Researchers said they had no way to tell if some assisted living centers may have been counted as homes.
Cancer patients were more likely to die at home than in a hospital. People suffering from memory loss, lung diseases or who lived in a nursing home were more likely to die in a hospital.
Betsy McNair noted that the kind of disease matters. She helped care for a brother who had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in his 50s. ALS causes the death of neurons controlling voluntary muscles in the body. She also helped care for her mother, who died at age 92 in a nursing home after her health worsened.
McNair said "they were all completely different experiences." She added that sometimes it is not possible to effectively care for a family member at home.
Warraich said the rise of home hospice services has helped more people spend their last days at home. Hospice care is set up to help those who are very sick.
Warraich said, "I have met many patients who just want to spend one day at home, around their dog, in their bed, able to eat home food."
He added, "Ideally we'd like to see people live longer and with fewer disabilities. We have work to do there."
I'm Jonathan Evans.
重点解析
1.set up 建立
They set up a working party to look into the issue.
他们设立了一个特别工作组来调查这个问题。
2.nursing home 养老院
The Matron at the nursing home expressed a wish to attend
养老院的护士长说她愿意参加。
3.tour guide 导游
The tour guide accompanied the foreign visitors to the airport.
导游陪外国游客去机场了。
4.woke up 醒来
When Jock woke up and found you gone he went crazy.
乔克醒来发现你走了，他简直气疯了。
5.For the first time since the early 1900s, more Americans are dying at home than in hospitals in the United States.
For the first time 第一次
For the first time in my career, I was failing.
我职业生涯中第一次经历失败。
He looked at me without speaking, and for the first time I could see the pride that filled him
他看着我没有说话，我第一次看出他内心充满了自豪。
6.Death has become overly medicalized over the last century" and this shows a turn away from that, he said.
turn away from 对...厌烦
Kennedy exhorted his listeners to turn away from violence.
肯尼迪劝诫听众远离暴力。
This person would turn away from her and start speaking to her parents.
人将离开她，开始和她父母讲话。
参考译文
越来越多美国人选择在家中离世
自20世纪初以来，美国在家离世的人数首次超过在医院离世的人数。一份新的报告称，这表明，越来越多的美国人开始接受大多数美国人所希望的生命终结方式。该报告指出，在疗养院离世的人数也有所减少。
该发现发表在本月初的《新英格兰医学杂志》上。
海德·瓦莱奇（Haider Warraich）是美国退伍军人事务部波士顿医疗系统的一名医生。他也是该报告的主要作者。瓦莱奇表示，更多美国人在家里离世“是一件好事。”他说，过去一个世纪里，死亡被过度医疗化了，而这表明情况已经发生了改变。
贝茜·麦克奈尔（Betsy McNair）是一名导游，现居墨西哥。她对美联社表示，她对帮助父亲罗伯特·麦克奈尔的临终安排感到满意。罗伯特在得知自己患上肺癌的6周后，于2009年在弗吉尼亚州百利避风港的家中离世。享年83岁。
贝茜回忆道：“无论他想吃什么，我都随时给他做。他每晚都喝一杯苏格兰威士忌，他的生活质量很高。如果他在凌晨2点醒来想要喝咖啡、吃馅饼，我们都会给他做。”
瓦莱奇和杜克大学的研究生萨拉·克罗斯使用了美国政府关于自然死亡的卫生信息。他们研究了2003年到2017年的记录。他们发现，在此期间，在医院离世的人数已经从40%下降到30%，而在疗养院中离世的人数已经从24%下降到21%。
在家中离世的人数从24%上升到31%。研究人员表示，他们无法确定在某些辅助生活中心离世是否属于在家里离世。
癌症病人更可能在家里离世，而不是在医院。患有记忆力衰退、肺病或住疗养院的人更可能在医院离世。
贝茜指出，疾病的类型至关紧要。她帮助照顾了一位在50多岁患肌萎缩性侧索硬化症的兄弟。侧索硬化症会导致控制身体随意肌的神经元死亡。她还帮助照顾了她的母亲，她的母亲在健康情况恶化后在疗养院中去世，享年92岁。
贝茜称“这些都是完全不同的经历。”她还补充说，有时候在家有效地照顾一位家人不太现实。
瓦莱奇表示，家庭临终关怀服务的兴起已经帮助了更多人在家里度过临终时光。临终关怀是为了帮助重病患者。
瓦莱奇表示：“我遇到了很多患者，他们只想在家里度过一天，狗狗围绕在侧，躺在自家床上，吃着家常饭。”
他还说：“理想情况下，我们希望人们长寿，少生病。在这方面我们尚任重而道远。”
乔纳森·埃文斯为您播报。
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