(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
World’s Oldest Bread Found at Prehistoric Site in Jordan
The burned remains of bread made about 14,500 years ago in northeastern Jordan have given scientists a surprise: humans started making bread long before they developed agriculture.
The bread was found in a stone fireplace at an ancient site in Jordan's Black Desert.
It is the oldest bread ever found.
Researchers said this week that the discovery shows that hunter-gatherers in the Eastern Mediterranean learned to make bread more than 4,000 years before farming began. That is much earlier than scientists had thought.
The bread was made from wild cereals like barley and oats, as well as tubers. It was made by a group of people called the Natufians. At the time, they had started to change from a nomadic way of life to one in which they stayed in one place.
Amaia Arranz-Otaegui was a lead writer and researcher of the study. She is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. She called the bread discovery "exceptional."
Arranz-Otaegui said scientists must now consider whether "there was a relationship between bread production" and the beginning of agriculture. She added that the desire for bread may have led nomadic people to start growing food and staying in one area.
She also said the researchers have begun the process of trying to reproduce the prehistoric bread.
The bread might not have been very tasty, Arranz-Otaegui said. She described the taste of the tubers used for the flour as "quite gritty and salty. But it is a bit sweet as well."
The next-oldest bread ever discovered was found in Turkey. It was over 9,000 years old.
I'm Susan Shand.
重点解析
1.ancient site 古遗址
Gradually the archaeologists made the ancient site give up its secrets.
考古学家们逐渐使古遗址失了神秘感。
2.as well 也
The couple might as well have been strangers.
这对夫妇形同陌路。
3.a group of 一组；一群
Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.
门突然打开，闯进了一群孩子。
4.stone fireplace 石壁炉
A large concrete and stone fireplace acts as the focal point of the room.
巨型混凝土和毛石壁炉成了房间的焦点。
5.The bread was made from wild cereals like barley and oats, as well as tubers. It was made by a group of people called the Natufians.
as well as 和...一样；也
They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the school.
他们参观了这所学校，还参观了工厂和医院。
Scientists should be literate and articulate as well as able to handle figures.
科学家除了要能处理数字，还应该具有文学素养和善于表达。
6.At the time, they had started to change from a nomadic way of life to one in which they stayed in one place.
At the time 在那时
I was not in Britain at the time.
当时我不在英国。
At the time we couldn't have anticipated the result of our campaigning.
那时我们不可能预料到我们这项运动的结果。
参考译文
约旦发现最古老面包 距今14500年
约旦东北部发现的距今约14500年的烤焦面包残留物让科学家们喜出望外：人类早在农业发展前就开始制作面包了。
面包残留物是在约旦黑沙漠一个古老遗址的石砌壁炉里发现的。
这是迄今为止发现的最古老的面包。
本周，研究人员称，这一发现表明，早在农耕开始的4000多年前，地中海东部的狩猎采集者就学会了制作面包。这比科学家们猜测的时间要早得多。
这些面包由大麦、燕麦和植物块茎等野生谷物制成。一群纳图法人制作了这些面包。当时，他们开始从游牧生活转变为定居生活。
阿玛伊娅（Amaia Arranz-Otaegui）是这项研究的首席作者和研究员。她是丹麦哥本哈根大学的博士后研究员。她称，该面包的发现是“与众不同的”。
阿玛伊娅表示，如今科学家们必须考虑“面包制作与农业之间是否存在关系”。她补充说，对面包的渴望可能导致游牧民族开始种植食物并定居下来。
她还表示，研究人员已经开始尝试还原史前面包了。
阿玛伊娅称，面包可能不太美味。她形容制作面粉的植物块茎“十分粗糙而且咸”。不过，味道也有点甜。
世界第二古老的面包是在土耳其发现的。距今已有9000多年的历史了。
苏珊·尚德为您播报。
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